ATI Pathophysiology Practice Exam 2026 – All-in-One Guide to Master Your Exam Success!

The primary mechanism of action for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is the inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which leads to a reduction in the synthesis of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are lipid compounds that mediate inflammation, pain, and fever. By inhibiting COX enzymes, NSAIDs decrease the levels of these inflammatory mediators, thereby alleviating pain and reducing inflammation.

This mechanism is significant because it underlies the therapeutic effects of NSAIDs in a variety of conditions, such as arthritis and other inflammatory disorders. Understanding this mechanism helps healthcare providers select appropriate medications for managing pain and inflammation while considering potential side effects related to COX inhibition, such as gastrointestinal irritation and impacts on renal function.

The other options refer to mechanisms not associated with NSAIDs. For instance, promoting insulin release pertains to antidiabetic medications, stimulating opioid receptors relates to opioids used for pain management, and enhancing calcium absorption is relevant to medications affecting bone health, such as bisphosphonates or vitamin D. Thus, the emphasis on COX enzyme inhibition specifically links NSAIDs to their functionality and therapeutic use.